Grid Matrix consists of square macro modules, arranged in a square pattern. Each macro module is a 6x6 unit module. The dark and light-framed macro modules alternate throughout the symbol, forming a grid which acts as a finder pattern. The four corners of a Grid Matrix code are dark-framed macro modules.
Five selectable levels of error correction are available, which allow a barcode with up to 50% of damaged codewords to still read properly. With maximum error correction levels, Grid Matrix can encode between 3 and 391 Chinese characters, 5 and 634 bytes, 10 and 1,018 Latin characters, or 12 and 1,524 numerals. By choosing a lower error correction, the number of characters that can be encoded increase approximately 80% for each data type.